General Wars/Injustices against Indians/Hualapai Wars/
Navajo Wars/Yuma Wars/Apache Wars/Apache Warriors
Arizona Forts
http://jeff.scott.tripod.com/forts.html
An unwritten history; a record from the exciting days of early Arizona.
F811
.W74 1966
A history of the First Arizona Volunteer Infantry, 1865-1866 / by Lonnie
Edward Underhill.
E83.866
.U55x
Massacre on the Gila : an account of the last major battle between American
Indians : with reflections on the origin of war / Clifton B. Kroeber and
Bernard L. Fontana.
E83.8565
.K76 1986
Injustices against the Indians
Soldiers fought and subdued the Hualapai Indians because they were not yet trained enough to master the Apache and Yavapai fighting style. The Pai peoples are located between the Grand Canyon and Bill Williams River. The war broke out in April of 1865 when Pai leader Anasa was murdered by drunken settlers in the area. They cut off the route from Prescott to the Colorado River ports. It was not until W.H. Hardy negotiated a peace agreement at Beale Springs did the raids and the fighting subside. However, the agreement lasted only nine months. It was broken when Chief Wauba Yuma was murdered after a dispute with the Walker party over the treaty. Raids by the Pai indians began in full force, raiding white mining camps and settlers. The Calvary from Fort Mohave responded by attacking Pai rancherias and burning them. The Army also used the Mohave indians against the Pai. A notable Pai warrior was Sherum, he was known for his tenacity as a warrior. This war lasted until December 1868. The Pai began to surrender as a result of whooping cough and dystentry weakening their ranks, they were led by Under Chief Leve Leve of the Yavapai peoples. The warrior Sherum also later surrendered thus ending the Hualapi Wars.
Websites
Books
Camp Beale's Springs and the Hualapai Indians / by Dennis G. Casebier.
E99
.H75 C3x
The Long Walk to Bosque Redondo
Manuelito: Navajo Chief by Harrison Lapahie Jr.
http://www.lapahie.com/Manuelito.cfm
The Indians : account of Gen'l Howard's mission to the Apaches and Navajos.
E99
.A6 H68x
As the Colorado River became an increasingly critical crossing point for Spanish explorers, missionaries, and settlers, so were the Yuman upset by their imposing nature. The cattle would crush their crops and the priests would preach to the how to live. Problems like these would lead to great anger and frustration and result in the massacre of the Spanish on July 17, 1781. This massacre would include the death of Father Garces, the famous spanish missionary. This even cut off Spanish exploration to California from Arizona and prevented settlers from coming into the area until Anglos settled into the area in the mid-19th Century.
The Yumans prospered in the area, eventually helping white settlers and gold seekers across the Colorado River into California and making a profit at it. They began to resent the sheer number of whites who were entering the area, but still maintained benefits from their journeys. However, whites soon became jealous of their monopoly on the river crossings. Scalphunter John Joel Glanton led a group that tried to kill off the Yuman and monopolize the river crossings around 1850. Their attempts failed and most of the scalphunters were killed. Eventually, Fort Yuma was reestablished in the area by Major Samuel Heintzelman in February 1852, this would take away the river crossing business for the Yuma. The Fort helped establish the Colorado Ferry Company as it began operation there soon after the reestablishment of the Fort. The last battle the Yumans fought was in 1857. They, along with their allies the Mohaves, attacked the Maricopa indians at the other side of the river. The Maricopas, counterattacking on horseback, killed over 100 Yumans, thus weakening their immediate threat in the area.
Websites
Books
Warriors of the Colorado; the Yumas of the Quechan Nation and their
neighbors, by Jack D. Forbes
E99
.Y94 F59
Websites
Apache Wars
http://www.geocities.com/~zybt/awars.htm
http://www.impurplehawk.com/warriors.html
Books
Apache wars : an illustrated battle history / E. Lisle Reedstrom.
E99
.A6 R36 1990
Apache Indian scouts; service in Arizona and Mexico against renegade
Apaches, individuals in Crook's campaigns, Cibicu fight, Apache Kid troubles,
perishing punitive expedition, service record data of last of scouts, Army
regulations, circulars, orders, correspondence, miscellaneous local historical
incidents, by H. B. (Dave) Wharfield.
E83.866
.W5
The conquest of Apacheria, by Dan L. Thrapp.
E99
.A6 T47
General Crook and the Apache wars, by Charles F. Lummis. Edited by Turbesé
Lummis Fiske. Foreword by Dudley Gordon. Illus. by Don Perceval
E83.866
.C942 L9
Tales of Apache warfare; true stories of massacres, fights and raids
in Arizona and New Mexico, by James M. Barney.
E99
.A6 B17
The Indians : account of Gen'l Howard's mission to the Apaches and Navajos.
E99
.A6 H68x
Apache agent; the story of John P. Clum.
E99
.A6 H68x
The Apache frontier; Jacobo Ugarte and Spanish-Indian relations in northern
New Spain, 1769-1791 [by] Max L. Moorhead
F1231
.U33 M6
The Apache wars / [by] Sunnyside High School History Club ; Judy Goeltzenleuchter,
editor.
E99.A6
S87x
General Crook and the Apache wars, by Charles F. Lummis. Edited by Turbesé
Lummis Fiske. Foreword by Dudley Gordon. Illus. by Don Perceval
E83.866
.C942 L9
General George Crook, his autobiography. Edited and annotated by Martin
F. Schmitt.
E83.866
.C93 1960
Apache Indian scouts; service in Arizona and Mexico against renegade
Apaches, individuals in Crook's campaigns, Cibicu fight, Apache Kid troubles,
perishing punitive expedition, service record data of last of scouts, Army
regulations, circulars, orders, correspondence, miscellaneous local historical
incidents, by H. B. (Dave) Wharfield.
E83.866
.W5
A clash of cultures : Fort Bowie and the Chiricahua Apaches / by Robert
M. Utley.
E99
.A6 U89
Commanders and chiefs : a brief history of Fort McDowell, Arizona (1865-1890),
its officers and men and the Indians they were ordered to subdue / by Elaine
Waterstrat.
F817.F6
W38x 1993
The Fish manuscript.
F811
.F5x 1962
John Spring's Arizona / edited by A. M. Gustafson.
F811
.S77
Military history of the Spanish-American Southwest : a seminar
F786
.M5x
Tales of Apache warfare; true stories of massacres, fights and raids
in Arizona and New Mexico, by James M. Barney.
E99
.A6 B17
They never surrendered : Bronco Apaches of the Sierra Madres, 1890-1935
/ by Douglas V. Meed.
E99.A6
M435x 1993
Apache Warriors
http://www.geocities.com/~zybt/warriors.htm
Geronimo
Websites
Geronimo's Campaign as told by the 4rth U.S. Calvary at Fort Huachuca
http://huachuca-usaic.army.mil/GARRISON/BTROOP/indian.html
Books
Geronimo : his own story / edited by S. M. Barrett ; newly edited with
an introd. and notes by Frederick W. Turner, III.
E99.A6
G3 1970
Chasing Geronimo; the journal of Leonard Wood, May-September,1886. Edited,
with introd. and epilogue by Jack C. Lane.
E83.88
.W6
Geronimo; a biography [by] Alexander B. Adams.
E99
.A6 G14 1971
The Geronimo campaign [by] Odie B. Faulk.
E90
.G4 F3
Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, in response to resolution
of February 11, 1887, correspondence with General Miles relative to the
surrender of Geronimo.
E99
.A6 U57
Scenes in Geronimo's camp; the Apache outlaw and murderer, takenbefore
the surrender to Gen. Cook [i.e. Crook] March 27, 1886, in the Sierra Madre
Mountains of Mexico
E99
.A6 G2
Once they moved like the wind : Cochise, Geronimo, and the Apache wars
/ David Roberts.
E99.A6
C575 1993
Victorio
http://www.zianet.com/snm/victorio.htm
Victorio and the Mimbres Apaches [by] Dan L. Thrapp.
E99
.A6 T48x
Cochise
Cochise: Apache Warrior
http://members.aol.com/circofire/cochise.html
Once they moved like the wind : Cochise, Geronimo, and the Apache wars
/ David Roberts.
E99.A6
C575 1993
Apache warfare under the leadership of Cochise / by Barbara Ann Tyler.
E99.A6
T95x
Juh
Juh: an incredible Indian, by Dan L. Thrapp.
F786
.S6 no.39 1973
Mangas Coloradas
Mangas Coloradas
http://www.impurplehawk.com/mangas.html
Mangas Coloradas, chief of the Chiricahua Apaches / Edwin R. Sweeney.
E99.C68
M357 1998
Naitche
Apache Men
http://www.peabody.harvard.edu/maria/Apachemen.html
Lozen (f)
Women Spirit by Julia White (Lozen - Chiricahua Apache)
http://www.meyna.com/lozen.html
Warrior woman : the story of Lozen, Apache warrior and shaman / Peter
Aleshire.
E99.C68
L693 2001
Apache women warriors / Kimberly Moore Buchanan.
F786
.S6 no.79
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you would like to know more about the author of this site, Jeffrey Scott,
feel free to visit his homepage.
In
addition, if you have any questions about this site or Arizona History,
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